The Mughal Family Tree Written by Tamanna Nangia Tamanna Nangia is Associate Editor, Encyclopaedia Britannica. She has over five years of experience in editorial processes, handling many different aspects of the publishing process: content development,... Tamanna Nangia Fact-checked by Britannica Editors Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Britannica Editors Last updated Apr. 14, 2026 •History The Mughal dynasty was a line of Muslim rulers of Turkic-Mongol origin who reigned over much of northern India from the early 16th to the mid-18th century. Thereafter it continued as a greatly reduced and increasingly powerless entity until the mid-19th century. Evidence of the emperors’ rule endures in grand forts, literature, art, and architecture, but the empire’s politics were shaped by the dynamics of dynastic power and family affairs. As in many kingdoms, behind every Mughal emperor, there sat a...

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