Zavaritzki caldera The volcano's 1831 eruption, which led to a brief, but significant, global cooling episode, ranks among the most consequential volcanic events of the 19th century. (more) Zavaritzki caldera volcano, Kuril Islands, Russia Ask the Chatbot a Question More Actions Share Share Share to social media Facebook X URL https://www.britannica.com/place/Zavaritzki-caldera Feedback Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Feedback Type Select a type (Required) Factual Correction Spelling/Grammar Correction Link Correction Additional Information Other Your Feedback Submit Feedback Thank you for your feedback Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.

　　External Websites Ask the Chatbot a Question Also known as: Zavaritskii caldera, Zavaritzki volcano Written by John P. Rafferty John P. Rafferty writes about Earth processes and the environment. He serves currently as the editor of Earth and life sciences, covering climatology, geology, zoology, and other topics that relate to... John P. Rafferty Fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Last Updated: Mar 28, 2025 • Article History Table of Contents Table of Contents Ask the Chatbot Also called: Zavaritzki volcano or Zavaritskii (Show more) { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "FAQPage", "mainEntity": [ { "@type" : "Question", "name" : " Where is Zavaritzki caldera located? ", "acceptedAnswer" : { "@type" : "Answer", "text" : "Zavaritzki caldera is on Simushir Island, a Russian-owned island in the Kuril Island chain. (The Kuril Islands separate the Pacific Ocean from the Sea of Okhotsk.) The volcanou2019s three nested calderas, along with several smaller lava domes and cinder cones, sit near the center of the elongated island. Together, these calderas form Biryuzovoe Lake." } } , { "@type" : "Question", "name" : " What significant event is linked to Zavaritzkiu2019s 1831 eruption? ", "acceptedAnswer" : { "@type" : "Answer", "text" : "Sulfur emissions stemming from Zavaritzkiu2019s eruption in 1831 are linked to a significant global cooling event. The volcanic plume that resulted rose into the stratosphere, forming a layer of sulfate aerosols that led to a global temperature decrease of about 1 u00B0C (1.8 u00B0F)." } } , { "@type" : "Question", "name" : " What were the effects of the 1831 eruption on global weather and the atmosphere? ", "acceptedAnswer" : { "@type" : "Answer", "text" : "The eruption altered weather patterns, causing crop failures and famines in India and Japan in the years that followed. In the weeks and months after the eruption, reports emerged from across the Northern Hemisphere noting that the Sun took on blue, green, and purple hues, which were later attributed to the scattering of sunlight passing through the aerosol layer." } } ] } Top Questions Where is Zavaritzki caldera located? Zavaritzki caldera is on Simushir Island, a Russian-owned island in the Kuril Island chain. (The Kuril Islands separate the Pacific Ocean from the Sea of Okhotsk.) The volcano’s three nested calderas, along with several smaller lava domes and cinder cones, sit near the center of the elongated island. Together, these calderas form Biryuzovoe Lake.

　　What significant event is linked to Zavaritzki’s 1831 eruption? Sulfur emissions stemming from Zavaritzki’s eruption in 1831 are linked to a significant global cooling event. The volcanic plume that resulted rose into the stratosphere, forming a layer of sulfate aerosols that led to a global temperature decrease of about 1 °C (1.8 °F).

　　What were the effects of the 1831 eruption on global weather and the atmosphere? The eruption altered weather patterns, causing crop failures and famines in India and Japan in the years that followed. In the weeks and months after the eruption, reports emerged from across the Northern Hemisphere noting that the Sun took on blue, green, and purple hues, which were later attributed to the scattering of sunlight passing through the aerosol layer.

　　Zavaritzki caldera, wide caldera volcano with a summit of 2,008 feet (612 meters) located on Simushir Island in the Kuril Islands. The volcano is part of a system made up of three nested calderas with diameters of 10 km (6.2 miles), 8 km (5 miles), and 3 km (1.9 miles), respectively, that form Biryuzovoe Lake, and several smaller lava domes and cinder cones nearby. Zavaritzki was the site of moderate eruptions in 1923 and 1957. The volcano, however, took on increasing importance in 2024 with the publication of an ice-core study that linked the volcano’s 1831 explosion to a significant ...(100 of 288 words)

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