Amrita Devi Beniwal memorial near Jodhpur, Rajasthan Some experts consider the Bishnoi community, to which Beniwal belonged, to be the first eco-warriors of the world. (more) 10 Conservationists of India From pioneers to present leaders Written by Manjishtha Bhattacharyya Manjishtha Bhattacharyya is an editor at Encyclopaedia Britannica. She holds a PhD in zoology from Vidyasagar University, West Bengal, and has more than seven years of experience in science communication... Manjishtha Bhattacharyya Fact-checked by Britannica Editors Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Britannica Editors Last updated Feb. 18, 2026 •History India has a long history of efforts to protect wildlife and manage natural resources, shaped by both state policy and local practice. Early examples include the 3rd-century-bce edicts of the Mauryan emperor Ashoka, which called for restraint in the use of forests and animals, as well as long-standing beliefs and customs among communities that emphasized coexistence with the natural world. In the modern period, conservation has developed through the work of individuals from varied fields,...

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