Are you curious about artificial intelligence as an investment opportunity? The rise of generative AI—as embodied by tools like ChatGPT—is bringing the tech to Internet users everywhere. AI start-ups have been proliferating, and many legacy enterprises are developing significant AI capabilities.

　　The rapid growth of artificial intelligence, coupled with high performance expectations for the sector, means that the price performance of AI stocks may be volatile. In other words, the “hot money” has been chasing the AI market since the release of ChatGPT in late 2022, so a lot of future growth may already be priced into these stocks.

　　If you’re comfortable with the potential downside risk, then it’s logical to ask: What’s the best way for your investment portfolio to get exposure to AI? There are plenty of choices, even if you don’t want to try to predict the growth trajectories of specific companies.

　　1. Buy stock in legacy companies with AI exposureOne way to get portfolio exposure to AI is by purchasing shares in large tech companies that are meaningfully engaged with the technology. Your exposure to AI specifically may be somewhat diluted, as these companies have other business units with their own profit and risk profiles. But this approach can benefit investors who may be more risk averse.

　　A legacy company typically has an established market position and diversified revenue streams, providing stability for investors without compromising the company’s ability to capture AI’s upside.

　　Not too surprisingly, the legacy organizations already heavily involved with building and distributing AI systems are technology companies. Some have their own AI products that are designed for anyone to use; others are forming important partnerships; and another category of enterprises is providing the hardware and software for AI to flourish.

　　Google. Operating under its parent company Alphabet (GOOG), Google is a pioneer in AI, just as it began as a pioneer in Internet search. The tech behemoth has already created a generative AI chatbot called Gemini, formerly known as Bard. Google is deeply invested in AI research (that’s why it acquired DeepMind in 2014) and application, integrating artificial intelligence across its vast ecosystem of products and services. If you’ve encountered predictive text or new productivity tools while using a Google application, that’s thanks to AI.Microsoft. Software giant Microsoft (MSFT) has major exposure to artificial intelligence through its partnership with OpenAI, maker of the popular generative AI tool ChatGPT. OpenAI’s advanced software is integrated with many Microsoft products, including the search engine Bing, cloud services platform Azure, and Microsoft 365 (formerly known as Microsoft Office). Microsoft, like Google, is using AI to enable desktop productivity.NVIDIA. A legacy producer of advanced computing equipment, NVIDIA (NVDA) is providing hardware and software to drive AI development. The tech company makes graphics processing units that can rapidly process complex algorithms and large datasets, supporting machine-based deep learning and computation. NVIDIA also offers software for parallel computing and tools to accelerate AI workloads. NVIDIA’s DRIVE Thor is an AI compute platform that’s made for autonomous driving.2. Buy stock in AI companiesAnother, arguably more direct way (i.e., “pure-play,” in industry lingo) to add AI exposure to your portfolio is by purchasing shares in publicly traded AI-focused companies. This investment strategy requires conducting research to identify stocks that interest you, but it may offer the most potential upside if you pick a winner.

　　But that’s a big “if”—which is why investing in individual AI companies requires you to pay attention. Industry trends, regulatory developments, and technological advancements are all relevant to you as an investor. You’re best positioned to make smart moves with your portfolio when you have subject matter expertise that you keep current.

　　To help jump-start your research, here are two publicly held, AI-centric software-as-a-service (SaaS) providers. They combine AI platforms with proprietary, industry-specific software solutions—think accounting, banking, health care, oil and gas services, to name a few:

　　C3.ai (AI). With the ticker symbol “AI,” it’s clear what C3.ai offers. The company supports a comprehensive application development platform and a variety of turnkey applications, both for enterprise AI.UiPath (PATH). UiPath provides value to companies across industries by combining AI with automation. The organization uses a platform to support enterprise automation technology that’s powered by AI.There are certainly others, and considering the amount of resources (and breathless media attention) AI has been getting, we should expect even more players to join this space. But as of 2024, valuation in these companies is based on expected potential rather than on actual revenues. Most—including C3 and UiPath—have yet to turn a profit.

　　Straddling the line between established AI leaders and AI pure-plays are software platforms such as Palantir (PLTR). The company specializes in counterterrorism and cybersecurity, but its experience in finding patterns within large datasets has allowed it to explore a pivot to AI.

　　3. Invest in companies using AI to innovateIf you’re interested in AI but not excited about adding more technology companies to your stock portfolio, then you can consider investing in companies across diversified industries that are using artificial intelligence to innovate.

　　Big pharma. The pharmaceutical giant Pfizer (PFE) is leveraging AI to accelerate drug discovery and development processes. The company used AI machine learning, in combination with cloud-based supercomputing, to bring its COVID-19 treatment PAXLOVID to patients faster.Heavy equipment. Best known as a tractor company, John Deere (DE) integrates AI into its agricultural machinery. In 2022 the company unveiled a fully autonomous tractor that can make real-time decisions to optimize planting, harvesting, and soil management.Apparel. The athletics company Nike (NKE) is using AI to innovate in the retail sector. Already known for its focus on digital transformation, the enterprise in 2023 partnered with IT company Cognizant (CTSH) to further integrate AI and hyper-automation into its business processes.4. Buy shares in publicly traded AI fundsIf choosing the stocks of individual companies isn’t appealing, then you can consider investing in a fund instead. Your typical options are exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and mutual funds (although as of 2024 a mutual fund dedicated exclusively to AI stocks doesn’t yet exist).

　　An exchange-traded fund with an AI focus invests in a basket of stocks to provide diversified AI exposure. As of early 2024, some of the top AI-focused ETFs by asset size include:

　　Global X Robotics & Artificial Intelligence ETF (BOTZ) Global X Artificial Intelligence & Technology ETF (AIQ)ROBO Global Robotics & Automation Index ETF (ROBO)iShares Robotics and Artificial Intelligence Multisector ETF (IRBO)Investing in an ETF may be the most convenient way to gain AI exposure, but it can also be the most diluted. The group of companies held by a given ETF may focus only loosely on AI, so be sure to research the fund, paying special attention to its top holdings, before investing. And because fund holdings tend to shift over time, be sure to check in periodically to make sure your investments still fit your objectives and risk tolerance.

　　The bottom lineYou don’t have to choose just one of these investment strategies. Taking a diversified approach can lower your investment risk. AI is an emerging sector that’s likely to experience plenty of volatility, so a risk-conscious approach may be smart. Before investing any of your hard-earned money, do your own research to ensure that you’re making thoughtful investment decisions.

　　This article is intended for educational purposes only and not as an endorsement of a particular financial strategy, company, or fund. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., does not provide investment advice.