zpostcode
Earth from space: Rare phenomenon transforms African thunderstorm into giant ethereal 'jellyfish'
Aug 2, 2026 4:51 PM

Quick factsWhere is it? Central Mali, Africa.

What's in the photo? A massive, jellyfish-shaped thunderstorm cloud.

Which satellite took the photo? Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP).

When was it taken? Sept. 27, 2018.

This striking photo shows an extremely unusual thunderstorm cloud in the shape of a jellyfish floating above western Africa.

The oddly shaped cloud, which was roughly 185 miles (300 kilometers) long, was spotted above central Mali by the Suomi NPP weather satellite, which is co-run by NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The "bell" of the jellyfish is located above the city of Mopti, while the "tentacles" stretch into Burkina Faso, according to NASA's Earth Observatory.

The bizarre cloud was the result of a meteorological phenomenon known as an outflow boundary, which is essentially a shock wave of fast-moving air that radiates from thunderstorm clouds. Outflow boundaries, also known as gust fronts, are triggered when cold air from the clouds descends to the surface, according to NOAA. When this movement, known as a downdraft, happens, cold air then starts to rapidly expand outward like ripples in a pond, forcing warmer air upward.

"The arc-shape line of clouds is caused by less dense air being lifted up and over the boundary," Joseph Munchak, a meteorologist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, told Earth Observatory.

Related: 12 amazing images of Earth from space

A massive cloud in the shape of an anvil

Normally, this creates a large disk of elevated clouds, known as shelf or roll clouds, which often looks like an anvil when viewed from the ground. But in this case, only part of the disk formed because the outflow boundary was partially disrupted by wind shear, Munchak said.

MORE EARTH FROM SPACELava bleeds down iguana-infested volcano as it spits out toxic gas

Mysterious wave ripples across 'galaxy' of icebergs in Arctic fjord

Trio of multicolor lakes look otherworldly in Africa's Great Rift Valley

In dry regions, outflow boundaries can sweep up dust and sand from the surrounding landscape, creating short-lived walls of particulates known as haboobs, according to Earth Observatory. These dust storms, which usually last just a few minutes, often appear as if from nowhere after thunderstorms and can majorly reduce visibility and air quality, according to the National Weather Service.

Outflow boundaries can also sweep up other objects, including insects, seeds and even birds. When this happens, the wave of debris can sometimes show up as dense rings in radar images captured by weather satellites, The Washington Post reported.

Comments
Welcome to zpostcode comments! Please keep conversations courteous and on-topic. To fosterproductive and respectful conversations, you may see comments from our Community Managers.
Sign up to post
Sort by
Show More Comments
Recommend >
When Did Vaccines Become Mandatory for Schools?
     Childhood vaccination Vaccine mandates for school attendance help establish a high level of vaccination coverage within school communities, leading to herd immunity and protecting vulnerable individuals from preventable diseases. (more) When Did Vaccines Become Mandatory for Schools? Ask the Chatbot a Question More Actions Share Share Share to social media Facebook X URL https://www.britannica.com/topic/When-Did-Vaccines-Become-Mandatory-for-Schools Feedback Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let...
Why Is Bread Bad for Ducks?
     Splashing about A Mandarin duck, which is native to northern China, is seen flapping its wings in the water. (more) Why Is Bread Bad for Ducks? Ask the Chatbot a Question More Actions Share Share Share to social media Facebook X URL https://www.britannica.com/topic/Why-Is-Bread-Bad-for-Ducks Feedback Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires...
Why doesn’t the U.S. have a Department of War anymore?
     National Security Act of 1947 U.S. Pres. Harry S. Truman signing the National Security Act of 1947. (more) Why doesn’t the U.S. have a Department of War anymore? Ask the Chatbot a Question More Actions Share Share Share to social media Facebook X URL https://www.britannica.com/topic/Why-doesnt-the-US-have-a-Department-of-War-anymore Feedback Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this...
Demon Slayer
     Demon Slayer manga on display Three volumes of the Japanese manga Demon Slayer, written and illustrated by Gotouge Koyoharu. Serialized from February 15, 2016, to May 18, 2020, the manga follows Kamado Tanjiro, who joins the Demon Slayer Corps to fight demons. (more) Demon Slayer Japanese manga series Ask the Chatbot a Question More Actions Share Share Share to...
Information Recommendation
St. Caesarius of Terracina
  St. Caesarius of Terracina Christian deacon and martyr Ask the Chatbot a Question More Actions Share Share Share to social media Facebook X URL https://www.britannica.com/biography/Caesarius-of-Terracina Feedback Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Feedback Type Select a type (Required) Factual Correction Spelling/Grammar Correction Link Correction Additional Information Other Your Feedback Submit...
What Is a Female Elephant Called?
     Cow A female elephant (cow) in Masai Mara, Kenya. (more) What Is a Female Elephant Called? Ask the Chatbot a Question More Actions Share Share Share to social media Facebook X URL https://www.britannica.com/science/What-Is-a-Female-Elephant-Called Feedback Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Feedback Type Select a type (Required) Factual Correction Spelling/Grammar...
How Many People Did John Wayne Gacy Kill?
     “Killer Clown” John Wayne Gacy, 1978. (more) How Many People Did John Wayne Gacy Kill? Ask the Chatbot a Question More Actions Share Share Share to social media Facebook X URL https://www.britannica.com/topic/How-Many-People-Did-John-Wayne-Gacy-Kill Feedback Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Feedback Type Select a type (Required) Factual Correction Spelling/Grammar Correction...
What Is the Open Era in Tennis?
     A star of the open era Novak Djokovic of Serbia competing in the men's singles final of the U.S. Open in Queens, New York, September 10, 2023. Djokovic defeated Daniil Medvedev of Russia in the match, winning his 24th Grand Slam victory, a record for men's tennis. (more) What Is the Open Era in Tennis? Ask the Chatbot a...
Why Is Making Moonshine Illegal?
     West Virginia moonshine still John Bowman demonstrating the workings of his family's moonshine still and explaining the history of moonshining in Coal River, West Virginia. For Bowman and his family, making moonshine was an alternative to entering the mines; it enabled him to stay in high school while helping to support his household. (more) Why Is Making Moonshine Illegal?...
How Do Gills Work?
     Respiratory system of a fish Simplified diagram of a fish's respiratory system, showing the location of the gills and the direction of water flow used for gas exchange. (more) How Do Gills Work? Ask the Chatbot a Question More Actions Share Share Share to social media Facebook X URL https://www.britannica.com/science/How-Do-Gills-Work Feedback Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you...
Do Blow Flies Spread Disease?
     New World screwworm fly An adult male New World screwworm fly (Cochliomyia hominivorax), one of some 200 million sterilized males released to control a screwworm outbreak in the Florida Keys in 2016. (more) Do Blow Flies Spread Disease? Ask the Chatbot a Question More Actions Share Share Share to social media Facebook X URL https://www.britannica.com/science/Do-Blow-Flies-Spread-Disease Feedback Corrections? Updates? Omissions?...
Why Is the U.S. Drinking Age 21?
     Bar A neon sign identifies this location as a bar, an establishment that serves alcoholic drinks. (more) Why Is the U.S. Drinking Age 21? Ask the Chatbot a Question More Actions Share Share Share to social media Facebook X URL https://www.britannica.com/topic/Why-Is-the-US-Drinking-Age-21 Feedback Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Feedback...