Kobayashi Makoto Kobayashi Makoto, 2008. (more) Kobayashi Makoto Japanese scientist Ask the Chatbot a Question More Actions Print Cite verifiedCite While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Select Citation Style MLA APA Chicago Manual of Style Copy Citation Share Share Share to social media Facebook X URL https://www.britannica.com/biography/Kobayashi-Makoto Feedback External Websites Feedback Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Feedback Type Select a type (Required) Factual Correction Spelling/Grammar Correction Link Correction Additional Information Other Your Feedback Submit Feedback Thank you for your feedback Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.

　　External Websites The Nobel Foundation - Autobiography of Makoto Kobayashi Ask the Chatbot a Question Written by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Article History Table of Contents Table of Contents Ask the Chatbot Quick Facts Born: April 7, 1944, Nagoya, Japan (age 81) (Show more) Awards And Honors: Nobel Prize (2008) (Show more) Subjects Of Study: CP violation Kobayashi-Maskawa model antimatter broken symmetry (Show more) See all related content Kobayashi Makoto (born April 7, 1944, Nagoya, Japan) is a Japanese scientist who was a corecipient, with Yoichiro Nambu and Maskawa Toshihide, of the 2008 Nobel Prize for Physics. Kobayashi and Maskawa shared half the prize for their discovery of the origin of broken symmetry, which created at least six quarks moments after the big bang.

　　Kobayashi received a Ph.D. from Nagoya University in 1972. That same year he and Maskawa proposed that CP violation (the violation of the combined conservation laws associated with charge conjugation [C] and parity [P] by the weak force) is an inherent property of the standard model of subatomic particles if there exist at least two additional quarks beyond the four “flavours” (up, down, charm, and strange) known at that time. These two new quark flavours were experimentally confirmed in 1977 (bottom quark) and 1995 (top quark).

　　Kobayashi MakotoKobayashi Makoto, 2006.(more)In 1979 Kobayashi became an assistant professor at the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) in Tsukuba Science City, and in 1989 he was appointed professor and designated as the head of Physics Division II. He became the director of the Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies at KEK in 2003, and he was named professor emeritus in 2006. In addition to his Nobel honour, Kobayashi won the J.J. Sakurai Prize (1985) for theoretical particle physics (shared with Maskawa), the Japan Academy Prize (1985), and the Japanese Person of Cultural Merit Award (2001).

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