Also called: Hope House, Association of Student Survivors of the Genocide (AERG) Hostel, or One Dollar Campaign Complex (Show more) Hope Hostel, a four-story lodging facility located in Kigali, Rwanda. It opened in October 2014 to house college students who had been orphaned after their parents were killed during the Rwandan genocide of 1994; it provided a place for them...

　　McMurdo Station, research and logistics installation located on the Hut Point Peninsula, on Ross Island, Antarctica. Operated by the National Science Foundation (NSF) with the assistance of the U.S. military, the station is the largest town in Antarctica and the continent’s largest research station. It sits near the foot of Mount Erebus and occupies the southernmost point of solid ground...

　　Also called: Nora Baker (Show more) Code name: Madeleine (Show more) Born: January 1, 1914, Moscow, Russia (Show more) Killed: September 13, 1944, Dachau, Germany (Show more) Noor Inayat Khan (born January 1, 1914, Moscow, Russia—killed September 13, 1944, Dachau, Germany) was a British resistance agent in Nazi-occupied France during World War II, serving in the Special Operations Executive (SOE)....

Antarctica's Doomsday Glacier is melting significantly faster than scientists previously thought, thanks to warm ocean water that is infiltrating miles beneath its surface, a new study has found. The Thwaites Glacier, which is nicknamed the Doomsday Glacier because of its potential to massively increase sea levels, is located in West Antarctica and is roughly the size of Florida. Previous research...

　　Renowned by generations as a quintessential New Yorker, Fran Lebowitz arrived in New York City in her late teens after being expelled from her New Jersey preparatory school for what she has described, in her trademark acerbic humor, as “nonspecific surliness.” From a young age she had aspired to be a writer, and within a few years of moving to...

　　Key People: Vinton Cerf Robert Kahn Paul Baran Leonard Kleinrock (Show more) packet-switched network, digital network that transfers data files by breaking them up into smaller units (“packets”) and transmitting them through a series of nodes (“switches”). In a process known as store-and-forward, the switches route the packets to their destination, where the data files are then reassembled. The Internet...

　　Great Mosque of Gaza, largest mosque in the Gaza Strip and a key landmark of Gaza city. Its origins as a mosque date to the reign of ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (634–644). The history of the mosque, whose site served as a sacred space long before the advent of Islam, is considered emblematic of the complex history of the region. The...

　　Memphis sanitation workers’ strike, 64-day labor conflict in the winter and spring of 1968 that brought Martin Luther King, Jr., to Memphis, Tennessee. The striking workers sought higher wages, better working conditions, and the right to form a union. At the height of the conflict, King, members of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), and local leaders led thousands of...

　　In full: Lori Ann Piestewa (Show more) Also called: Qotsa-hon-mana or Köcha-hon-mana (Show more) (Hopi:: White Bear Girl) (Show more) Born: December 14, 1979, Tuba City, Arizona, U.S. (Show more) Died: March 23, 2003, Al-Nāṣiriyyah, Iraq (Show more) Lori Piestewa (born December 14, 1979, Tuba City, Arizona, U.S.—died March 23, 2003, Al-Nāṣiriyyah, Iraq) was a U.S. Army soldier who became...

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　　The Family of Carlos IV, oil painting by Francisco Goya in 1800 depicting the royal family of Spain. It has often been described as Goya’s greatest portrait. In 1799 Goya was made first court painter to Carlos (Charles) IV of Spain. The king requested a family portrait, and in the summer of 1800 the artist prepared a series of oil...

　　In full: Kniaz Potemkin Tavricheskiy (Show more) Potemkin (Russian battleship), Russian battleship built for the Black Sea fleet of the Imperial Russian Navy. It is best remembered for a 1905 mutiny by its sailors, one of the events of the Russian Revolution in the same year. The mutineers took the ship to Odesa, Ukraine, but the mutiny eventually failed. The...