zpostcode
mRNA vaccine
Feb 10, 2026 1:25 PM

  

mRNA vaccine1

  Moderna COVID-19 vaccine Vial containing Moderna COVID-19 vaccine, one of the first mRNA vaccines to be approved for use in humans. (more) mRNA vaccine medicine Ask the Chatbot a Question More Actions Share Share Share to social media Facebook X URL https://www.britannica.com/science/mRNA-vaccine Feedback Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Feedback Type Select a type (Required) Factual Correction Spelling/Grammar Correction Link Correction Additional Information Other Your Feedback Submit Feedback Thank you for your feedback Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.

  External Websites Ask the Chatbot a Question Also known as: messenger RNA vaccine Written by Kara Rogers Kara Rogers is the senior editor of biomedical sciences at Encyclopædia Britannica, where she oversees a range of content from medicine and genetics to microorganisms. She joined Britannica in 2006 and... Kara Rogers Fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Last Updated: Jan 29, 2025 • Article History Table of Contents Table of Contents Ask the Chatbot a Question { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "FAQPage", "mainEntity": [ { "@type" : "Question", "name" : " What is an mRNA vaccine? ", "acceptedAnswer" : { "@type" : "Answer", "text" : "An mRNA vaccine uses a synthetic version of messenger RNA to instruct cells to produce a particular protein that trains the immune system to recognize and destroy the targeted disease-associated entity." } } , { "@type" : "Question", "name" : " How do mRNA vaccines differ from traditional vaccines? ", "acceptedAnswer" : { "@type" : "Answer", "text" : "Vaccines based on mRNA use synthetic technologies, without any need for live pathogen particles. This differs from traditional vaccines, which typically use weakened or inactivated pathogens to prompt an immune response." } } , { "@type" : "Question", "name" : " What were the first mRNA vaccines approved for human use? ", "acceptedAnswer" : { "@type" : "Answer", "text" : "The first mRNA vaccines approved for human use were the COVID-19 vaccines developed by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna in 2020." } } ] } Top Questions What is an mRNA vaccine? An mRNA vaccine uses a synthetic version of messenger RNA to instruct cells to produce a particular protein that trains the immune system to recognize and destroy the targeted disease-associated entity.

  How do mRNA vaccines differ from traditional vaccines? Vaccines based on mRNA use synthetic technologies, without any need for live pathogen particles. This differs from traditional vaccines, which typically use weakened or inactivated pathogens to prompt an immune response.

  What were the first mRNA vaccines approved for human use? The first mRNA vaccines approved for human use were the COVID-19 vaccines developed by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna in 2020.

  mRNA vaccine, type of vaccine that uses a synthetic version of a molecule known as messenger RNA (mRNA) to instruct cells in the body to produce a specific protein that trains the immune system to recognize and destroy the targeted disease-associated entity. Vaccines based on mRNA rely primarily on synthetic technologies, without any need for actual pathogen particles. This differs from traditional vaccines, which use a weakened or inactivated form of a pathogen to prompt an immune response that provides protection against future infections. The first mRNA vaccines approved for use in humans were the COVID-19 vaccines developed by Pfizer-BioNTech ...(100 of 621 words)

  Access the full article Help support true facts by becoming a member. Subscribe today!

Comments
Welcome to zpostcode comments! Please keep conversations courteous and on-topic. To fosterproductive and respectful conversations, you may see comments from our Community Managers.
Sign up to post
Sort by
Show More Comments
Recommend >
Battle of Worcester
     The Battle of Worcester The English Civil Wars, which had begun in Scotland in 1639, ended with the defeat of the Royalist army at the Battle of Worcester on September 3, 1651. (more) Battle of Worcester English history [1651] Ask the Chatbot a Question More Actions Print Cite verifiedCite While every effort has been made to follow citation style...
StockX
     StockX offers a secondary market for sneakers … and much more.© Richard Newstead—Moment/Getty ImagesStockX is an online marketplace and resale platform founded in 2015 as an e-commerce site for die-hard sneaker collectors (“sneakerheads”) to sell their shoes on a secondary market. Since its public launch in 2016, it has expanded to sell luxury apparel, electronics, and other collectibles.   The...
Caspian seal
     Caspian seal (Pusa caspica) These small earless seals inhabit the waters, islands, and coastal areas of the Caspian Sea, and it is the only mammal that lives in this body of water. (more) Caspian seal mammal Ask the Chatbot a Question Ask the Chatbot a Question Also known as: Pusa caspica Written by John P. Rafferty John P. Rafferty...
Jack Parsons
  Jack Parsons American rocket scientist and chemist Ask the Chatbot a Question Ask the Chatbot a Question Also known as: John Whiteside Parsons, Marvel Whiteside Parsons Written by René Ostberg René Ostberg is an associate editor at Encyclopaedia Britannica. René Ostberg Fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge,...
Information Recommendation
Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.
     Goldman Sachs has played a pivotal role in global finance.© Igor Golovniov/SOPA Images—LightRocket/Getty Images formerly:Goldman, Sachs & Co.Founded in 1869, Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. has grown from a small New York City brokerage into one of the most influential investment banks in the world. Over the decades, it has played a central role in major financial markets, advising on...
Dattatreya
     Dattatreya Combining the three Hindu gods Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva, the yogic deity Dattatreya is depicted as being attended by four dogs and a cow; chromolithograph by Raja Ravi Varma, c. 1903. (more) Dattatreya Hindu deity Ask the Chatbot a Question Ask the Chatbot a Question Also known as: Datta Written by Charles Preston Charles Preston is Associate Editor...
Donnie McClurkin
  Donnie McClurkin American gospel music singer and pastor Ask the Chatbot a Question Ask the Chatbot a Question Also known as: Donald Andrew McClurkin, Jr. Written by Emily Goldstein Emily Goldstein is a Creative Producer and Media editor for Encyclopædia Britannica. Emily Goldstein Fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have...
Culex
     Culex mosquito An adult Culex mosquito resting on a leaf. (more) Culex mosquito genus Ask the Chatbot a Question Ask the Chatbot a Question Written by Nick Tabor Nick Tabor is a freelance journalist and the author of Africatown: America's Last Slave Ship and the Community It Created. Nick Tabor Fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica's...
Morgan Stanley
     Morgan Stanley has built a reputation as a leader in global finance since its founding in 1935.© Michael M. Santiago/Getty Images Headquarters:New York CityMorgan Stanley is a legacy American financial institution founded in 1935 and headquartered in New York City. The company’s creation resulted from the passage of the Glass-Steagall Act, which required banks to separate their commercial banking...
notional value
  In financial instruments, the notional value (also called the notional amount and the principal amount) is the total value—in dollars or another unit of currency—controlled by an instrument. Depending on the underlying asset or financial instrument, notional value may be used to assess its cost to acquire, calculate payments on the asset or instrument, and, if purchased and/or held in...
Siege of Rouen
     The Siege of Rouen (1418–1419) The city of Rouen under attack by English forces under King Henry V. From a 15th century manuscript illumination. The History Collection/Alamy. (more) Siege of Rouen French history [1418–1419] Ask the Chatbot a Question More Actions Print Cite verifiedCite While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some...
enchilada
  enchilada dish Ask the Chatbot a Question More Actions Print print Print Please select which sections you would like to print: Table Of Contents Cite verifiedCite While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Select Citation Style...