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　　External Websites Teaching The Middle East - First Ottoman Siege of Vienna (1529) (Siege of Vienna by Ottoman Forces) Print Cite verifiedCite While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Select Citation Style MLA APA Chicago Manual of Style Copy Citation Share Share Share to social media Facebook X URL https://www.britannica.com/event/Siege-of-Vienna-1529 Feedback External Websites Feedback Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Feedback Type Select a type (Required) Factual Correction Spelling/Grammar Correction Link Correction Additional Information Other Your Feedback Submit Feedback Thank you for your feedback Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.

　　External Websites Teaching The Middle East - First Ottoman Siege of Vienna (1529) (Siege of Vienna by Ottoman Forces) Written by Tony Bunting Tony Bunting is a historian who has recently completed a research project at the University of Central Lancashire on the evolution of nineteenth-century British imperialism. He was a contributor to 1001... Tony Bunting Fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Last Updated: Jul 29, 2024 • Article History Table of Contents Date: September 1529 - October 1529 (Show more) Location: Austria Vienna (Show more) Participants: Holy Roman Empire Ottoman Empire (Show more) Key People: Ferdinand I Süleyman the Magnificent (Show more) See all related content →

　　The Siege of Vienna, 1529The Siege of Vienna by a Turkish army, 1529. © Fine Art Images—Heritage Images/Getty Images.(more)In 1529 the Ottoman Empire made a determined effort to capture Vienna, the capital of the Habsburg Austrian Empire. The failure to take Vienna marked the end of Turkish expansion into Europe and was followed by the diversion of Ottoman effort toward Asia and the Mediterranean.

　　Britannica Quiz Understanding the Ottoman Empire After the defeat of the Hungarians at the Battle of Mohacs and the capture of Buda, the Ottoman Empire and Austria were brought into direct contact along a border across Hungary. In 1529, Suleiman launched a campaign against Austria’s Archduke Ferdinand I with an army of more than 100,000, vastly outnumbering the Austrian force by about four to one.

　　Suleiman’s advance from the Black Sea, which began in May, was arduous because the weather had been particularly wet and cold, with many lives lost due to the spread of illnesses through the soaked ranks of the sultan’s army. Much of the heavy artillery that would have been vital in the siege had to be abandoned when it became stuck in mud, and Suleiman’s remaining 300 cannon, it developed, were too small to effect serious damage on the Viennese fortifications. Suleiman reached Vienna in September with his army greatly weakened. Ottoman attempts to mine the walls were hampered by a counterattack, and more heavy rains in October dampened much of the gunpowder.

　　Much of Suleiman’s force was composed of cavalry troops, who served little use in a siege setting and had to dismount in order to advance on the city. Attack after attack was repulsed by the Austrian defenders, who picked off the Ottoman troops with arquebuses from the high walls of the city and forced back those who scaled the walls by using long pikes, killing some 1,200 janissaries in a single engagement on October 12. Two days later, an Ottoman mine exploded under a section of the city’s walls, but this collapsed in such a way that it created an obstacle for the attackers. Suleiman ordered one last all-out assault, but this was also repulsed. On October 15, Suleiman then ordered a retreat of his battered army, which turned into a disastrous ordeal as winter snows came early, causing many deaths.

　　Defeat at Vienna forced Suleiman back into Ottoman Hungary. Harassed all along their route by skirmishing Christian cavalry, the Ottoman forces eventually fell back on Istanbul. After a second failure to take Vienna in 1532, Suleiman abandoned thoughts of conquering Europe.

　　Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Subscribe Now Losses: Austrian, unknown; Ottoman, 16,000 of 100,000, thousands more dead in the retreat.